Political: Those who hold political
titles, e.g., Ministers, Ministerial Privates, etc., shall take and leave office,
according to the current political situations, i.e., upon the parliamentary approval.
Ordinary:
Those who work for Ministries, Departments, or Divisions, functioning in accordance
with the government policies and regulations, shall involve in no political act.
They are very important for they are attached to the state
administration, while the political are volatile and instable.
Special:
Those whom the government hire for special missions.
The
ordinary and special, detached from the political situation, are, however, strictly
controlled by supervisors. They shall be assured of the living standards: salary
rise, promotion, work security, according to the government regulations, as to
ensure the full capacity for the state administration.
The
paths to the success of Six Commandments are:
1. Policy
on Independence
a) Judiciary
Obviously,
the government has been involved in diplomatic obligations, hence, has
yet achieved the full judiciary independence. Hence, the government
shall enact the complete codes of law, as required in the aforementioned
treaties. The previous government had initiated the drafting of Codes
of Civil and Commercial Laws, four of which were vigorized, one of which
was presented to the Parliament, and one of which was supposed to be
presented to the Parliament in the nearest future. Apart from these,
the government has to complete the Codes of Judiciary Laws, Codes of
Civil Laws, and Codes of Criminal Laws, after five years of whose success
shall be granted the full judiciary authority.
b)
Economic
To
be continued in Economic Policy.
c) Political
This
aim shall be attained when other objectives are met.
2.
Policy on National Security
As
to install the national security, the government shall restructure the state administration,
as initiated by the Public Committee, through the establishment of the sub-committee,
and maintain the economic prosperity, public welfare, health care system, and
education, etc., as to be continued in other policies.
3.
Economic Policy
This
is very important. The goal is virtually already understood, as published in many
modern textbooks, that the real happiness shall be attained, once the basic necessities
are met. The Parliament might note that it is easy to say beautiful words but
extremely difficult to concrete them. Normally, any individual shall be happy,
provided that he/she exercise the full liberty, i.e., devoid of pressures, partake
the legal equality, attain the job opportunity, decent accommodation, and goods,
but, with eleven million people from all walks of life, possessing capacities
of different manners, it turns out to be extremely difficult to satisfy all desires.
This government, together with any government of the world, however, believe that
the best way is to furnish projects, which shall benefit the majority of the people.
At this moment, when the world economy plummets, our major export, i.e., rice,
is valued at a very low price, agriculturists suffer the downfall, laborers become
unemployed, and the country impoverishes, the government would like to say that
we have already responded to the callings, i.e., decrease the tax rate, prevent
the confiscation, and suppress the high interest rates.
Concerning
the labor force, the government has come to the conclusion that we shall register
laborers, as to behold the exact number of the unemployed, and grant concessions
to private sectors, according to government requirements, as to generate work
positions for thai laborers. The government is please to inform that we have already
furnished some work for construction laborers. Nevertheless, the Parliament has
to take into account that the government is facing some economic restraints, which
we are trying to resolve, in due course, or, at least, alleviate. In this respect,
the government has been requested to establish more factories, and, would like
to inform that we, aware of the national benefit, shall consider the case thoroughly,
as to identify the pros and cons. The government can assure you that we do not
neglect the case.
Concerning
the agriculture, the direct solution, at this moment, is loan cooperatives. Besides,
the government is determined to establish the mass production community, i.e.,
cooperation in technical instruments and acquisition of consuming goods, for we
believe that unity makes strength. All I have said is only major points which,
once detailed, can turn out to be a big book, and, are not possible to achieve,
in due course, as investigates and statistical records are certainly required.
If planned uncarefully or hastily, the national economic plans can generate a
series of turbulence. I would like to say that the government needs time to plan,
not that we are ignorant, but we cannot conceive anything in one day. Therefore,
the government divides the time in periods, e.g., preparation and operation, in
order to be able to satisfy all requirements.
There
are two improper ways to run the national economy: state-run, which is strictly
controlled, and private-run, which is loosely controlled. Both will yield more
damages than improvements. Therefore, the government shall only run projects,
which are essential to the country, as a whole, not benefiting only to any individual
or any group.
4. Policy on Equality and 5. Policy on
Liberty
These
objectives shall be met, once the Act of Privilege Abolition is decreed, as seen
appropriate in the Constitution.
6. Educational Policy
As
to promote the general education, the government shall follow the administrative
regulations, in accordance with the national economic plans, which the government
shall continue in Educational Policy.
Financial
Policy
So
far, the government has been aware of the economic downfall that causes the nation
to impoverish, hence, announce the decrease in the Land Tax, as agriculturists
were suffering the most. However, our nation needs some cash to operate, invest
for the better standard of living of the people, which comes, mainly, from the
taxation revenue. The decrease in taxation, with no tax collection, is, hence,
not the best practice. The government does consider not to put the weight on either
side, by collecting the tax from wealthy, i.e., bankers.
Furthermore,
the government notices that the tax collection method was out of date, hence,
the revision is on project.
During
this fiscal year, the budget is estimated at 74 million Bahts, as shown in the
Act, with the expenditure at the equal amount. At the end of the Great Revolution,
the Public Committee was convinced that the revenue would not meet the earmark,
with the tax decrease to help the agriculturists, and that the tax collection
would not balance the decrease. In this respect, the tax decree is a must and
the government has to tighten the belt, as to cut off all expenses. The new figure
is 71 million Bahts, which must be performed under the close control of the Royal
Treasury Department.
The
government has contracted a loan from abroad, with extremely high interest of
7 percent. The government agrees to pay our savings, as to clear the debt, which
can save 1,500,000 baht a year. In case the government needs some liquidity, a
new loan, at the lower rate of interest, is now available.
Policy
on National Security
As
for the national security, the government shall continue the policies of the previous
government, by preparing the military force, in good amount, in order to preserve
the national security and liberty.
Foreign Policy
As
for foreign affairs, the government will establish close relations with other
sovereign nations. For this matter, the government will do whatever it takes,
as to establish good understandings, lift up the mutual trust, and follow international
obligations. Henceforth, the government shall renew and revise the obligations,
as seen appropriate. As for the Leagues of Nations, the government shall support
all types of international activities.
Policy on Agricultural
Commerce
The
world economic downfall affects our nation, in terms of the price decrease of
our goods, which the government could not resolve promptly or directly. However,
the government shall try to protect and diminish all burdens, both internal and
external, which obstruct the vending of agricultural products, at a good price.
The rice is our only absolute advantage product, thus, the support, both direct
and indirect, to the farmers is a must, as for the national benefits.
Presently,
the main problems are the agricultural debt, lack of investment, and low price
of rice. The government has already figured it out and decided to put all our
great effort and do whatever it takes, as to provide the rightful assistance,
i.e., decrease the land tax. Meanwhile, the range of cooperatives expand continously,
in order to give the hard time grace, and lighten the debt, as to create the channel
of product availability. Kindly understand that the resolution needs the careful
and well-thought preparation, as for a great consequence. One of the direct assistance,
provided to agriculturists, is the selection of the best rice strains, as for
the greater standard of the product and the reputation in volatile world markets,
affected by the taxation protectorate. In addition, the government shall support
the agricultural research, as for the greater range of products.
The
provision of fresh water fish, as to meet the national and international needs,
is the direct support to the people. In this respect, the problems consist of
the monopoly of fishery, which shall be solved or reduced, in term of the rate
of water service, coastal fishery, and deep water fishery. In this respect, the
government shall discuss the matter with the royal navy and the Fishery Department,
later on.
In
addition, the government has established the Bangkok Committee, as to establish
Bangkok as one of important ports. The Committee also agrees that Bangkok become
one of a port, thus, shall implement the bar drill, at the mouth of the river.
In the first hand, the government shall drill at the middle and outside bars,
from two to five feet deep, as an experiment to know the changing of the tide.
If it works well, the transportation shall be greater, and the price of rice shall
be swift, as a consequence.
Educational Policy
*Parliament Assembly Report of 47/1932 (Special) 20 December 1932,
Pages 687-704